Prepare Cheesecake Filling: In a medium mixing bowl, combine cold cream cheese, granulated sugar, and vanilla extract. Beat until smooth and creamy, about 2-3 minutes. Scoop into 18 discs and freeze for at least 1 hour.

Make Strawberry Jam: Cook fresh strawberries and sugar in a saucepan over medium heat for about 45 minutes until thickened. Allow to cool completely.

Dough Preparation: Cream softened butter and granulated sugar together until fluffy. Add egg and vanilla, then sift in flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt. Mix until just combined.

Layering Flavors: In a separate bowl, fold some chilled jam into half of the cookie dough to create swirls. Set the plain dough aside.

Form Cookies: Preheat oven to 350°F (175°C). Scoop dough, flatten into a disk, and place a frozen cheesecake disc in the center. Wrap the dough around the filling and roll into a ball. Roll in sugar before placing onto a baking sheet.

Baking: Bake cookies for 11-12 minutes until edges are lightly golden. Let cool on baking sheet for 10 minutes before transferring to a wire rack.